Vitamin B12, also known as cobalamin, is a vital nutrient for the proper functioning of the body. It plays a key role in the creation of red blood cells, the maintenance of the nervous system, and the formation of DNA.

Without sufficient vitamin B12, serious health issues can arise, making it crucial to ensure you’re getting enough of it. This article explores the symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency and the possible causes behind it.

One of the most common symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency is anemia, which occurs due to the impaired production of red blood cells. Additionally, vitamin B12 deficiency can lead to cardiovascular diseases, reduced vision, and depression, often accompanied by neurological disorders. Fatigue, headaches, difficulty concentrating, digestive issues, and nervousness are also frequent signs. Another troubling symptom is the pain, numbness, and tingling in the hands, arms, legs, and feet, which results from nerve damage.

There are several factors that contribute to vitamin B12 deficiency. A diet low in vitamin B12 is the most common cause, particularly for vegetarians and vegans. Other causes include stomach inflammation (gastritis), pernicious anemia, and digestive diseases like Crohn’s or celiac disease. Gastrointestinal surgery, excessive alcohol consumption, and genetic issues may also interfere with vitamin B12 absorption.

To avoid deficiency, it’s essential to include B12-rich foods in your diet. Some excellent sources include liver, seafood like oysters and cockles, salmon, tuna, ground beef, milk, yogurt, eggs, and fortified foods such as breakfast cereals. These foods can help maintain adequate levels of vitamin B12 for overall health.